overhead squat assesment
- Douskas Themis
- Dec 6, 2024
- 1 min read
The Overhead Squat Assessment (OHSA) is a dynamic movement assessment used in fitness, physical therapy, and sports performance to evaluate an individual’s movement patterns, muscle imbalances, joint mobility, and stability. Here's a detailed guide:
Purpose
The OHSA identifies:
Postural imbalances: Issues in the spine, shoulders, and hips.
Mobility restrictions: Limited range of motion in the ankles, hips, or shoulders.
Muscle imbalances: Overactive or underactive muscles impacting performance or increasing injury risk.
Setup
Equipment: No specific equipment is needed, though a dowel or barbell can be used to help maintain the overhead position.
Position:
Feet shoulder-width apart.
Toes pointing straight ahead (or slightly turned out for comfort).
Hands holding the dowel/barbell (or free) extended straight overhead, with the arms fully extended.
Execution
Movement:
Start standing tall.
Squat down as deeply as possible while keeping arms overhead.
Return to standing.
Repetitions: Perform 5–8 repetitions for a clear assessment.
Observation Points:
Frontal View: Look for symmetry, knee tracking, foot flattening or turning out.
Lateral View: Assess the torso angle, arm alignment, and depth of the squat.
Posterior View (if possible): Observe any heel lift, asymmetrical weight shifts, or hip drops.
Common Dysfunctions and Interpretations
Observation, Possible Overactive Muscles, Possible Underactive Muscles
Knees caving inward (valgus), Adductors, TFL, Biceps femoris (short head), Gluteus medius/maximus, Vastus medialis oblique (VMO)
Feet turning out, Soleus, Lateral gastrocnemius, Biceps femoris (short head), Medial gastrocnemius, Medial hamstrings, Gluteus medius/maximus
Excessive forward lean, Hip flexors, Abdominals, Soleus, Gluteus maximus, Erector spinae, Core stabilizers
Arms falling forward, Lats, Pecs, Teres major, Mid/lower traps, Rhomboids, Rotator cuff
Heels lifting, Soleus, Gastrocnemius, Tibialis anterior
Corrections
Mobility exercises:
Foam roll and stretch overactive muscles.
Focus on joint-specific mobility drills (e.g., ankle dorsiflexion, hip flexion).
Strengthening exercises:
Strengthen underactive muscles using targeted resistance exercises.
Movement re-education:
Use corrective strategies like tempo squats or squats to a box for proper alignment.
To address specific compensations observed during the Overhead Squat Assessment (OHSA), targeted corrective exercises can help improve mobility, stability, and strength. Below is a guide and a sample of workout if heels lifting off the ground
Heels Lifting Off the Ground
Overactive Muscles: Soleus, Gastrocnemius Underactive Muscles: Tibialis Anterior
Corrective Strategy:
Inhibit (Foam Roll):
Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Lengthen (Stretch):
Calf Stretch (Straight-leg and bent-knee variations)
Activate (Strengthen):
Toe Raises
Ankle Dorsiflexion with a Resistance Band
Integrate:
Deep Goblet Squats focusing on heel contact with the ground.
Sample Routine for Integrated Correction
Warm-Up: Foam rolling and dynamic stretches for overactive muscles.
Activation:
Clamshells (2 sets x 12 reps/side)
Face Pulls (2 sets x 10 reps)
Plank (hold 30-60 seconds)
Strength Work:
Lateral Band Walks (2 sets x 10 steps each direction)
Romanian Deadlifts (2 sets x 10 reps)
Goblet Squats (2 sets x 10 reps)
Cooldown: Static stretching for tight muscles.
Below i have 4 weeks upper body posture plan.
Also if you want you can make a video of you doing overhead squat with specifications i have upper this article and i can send your results for free!






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